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| Coral Reefs in MPA Costa dos Corais - Brazil Photo by Simone Marques |
Since the huge advance of protected area around the world in last 20 years ago, scientists have studied how protected area have restored and keep save threatened species. In marine ecosystems most of marine protected areas (MPAs) are proposed to restored target species in fisheries and also most of them are classified as sustainable use. Although many studies show that MPAs of integral protection restored fished species (eg. fishes, invertebrates) some researchers who study the cycle life said this tool is not enough. Beyond the implementation of MPA is necessary selected essencial habitat for juvenile phase (nurseries) and adult phase (shallow to deep habitat) because many species needs estuaries, mangroves, shallow reefs, sea gram in their early life and deep reef or rock reef in adult phase. This two kinds of essencial habitat is also called connectivity. Actually the MPAs may design this essential habitat to protect all life cycle of species tho preserve and restore the connectivity of species. This new concept have been discuss in last years to better design the effectiveness of any kind of MPA. Now we don't thinking only to protect target and threatened species but their life cycle and essential habitat that they need.
Recent studies of MPAs have analyzed how MPAs have effective for marine species in the 2 main kinds of Protected Area (PA): sustainable use and integral protection. Click in two links bellow and read the recent papers related with MPAs of Brazil. Enjoy!
Analysis of Progress Towards a ComprehensiveSystem of Marine Protected Areas in Brazil
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